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In CA, any visible equipment violation is sufficient probable cause for the stop. In this case, the lack of front plate. Even the clear corners, though legal, are not obviously so and an officer could argue that probable cause existed for a stop, though it turned out the probable cause did not prove to be correct. Tinted front windows are another example. Instant PC for a stop, period, and any ticket issued on that stop, or reasonable warrantless searches, will hold up. Here's the thing to remember for an example, many DUI's are attacked on the basis that the cop had no probable cause for the stop. IF you are driving within the speed limit, not weaving, but they get lucky and pull you over on a "hunch" you get popped. The DUI if contested however would fail because the stop was unjustified even if you blow a 0.2. However, any equipment violation visible is INSTANT probable cause to stop you at ANY time. Food for thought for those of you who have one or two beers, drive home safe and fine, and think as long as you drive right, there is no risk. What I don't know is whether you can refuse an underhood inspection based on lack of probable cause if they have no warrant. Problem is, most of us have loud, modified cars, which are basically rolling showcases of probable cause for an underhood inspection. But if everything was quiet, and properly functioning on the outside, I think you could refuse, or at least have any underlying tickets thrown out for lack of PC (provided you aren't speeding or somethng else).
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1991 Aztec Red TT bought new in '91
Way back then, added JWT chip, ignition advance, Pop charger, Stainless 3pc Borla cat back; 17 in. OZ wheels
Sold 1994, 88,000 miles later, still on orig clutch; what a car 1991 Charcoal Gray TT purchased 06/05 and a heck of a lot more bang than my original. 
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