| The torque plate is a thick piece of aluminum that is torqued down on the block while the block is being bored and honed. This simulates the torque and stress the block is in when the actual heads are torqued down on the block. This is done to provide a truer bore since the cylinder has a little deflection once the heads are torqued down. Here is a picture of a four cylinder motor with a torque plate installed. 
Hope that helps.
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